From 8406db52833de71992304c7cbfe14d7c2a6c264b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Joakim=20Hells=C3=A9n?= <tlovinator@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 20:05:06 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] WIP: Add Twitter link previews for Discord with Nitter
 scraping and metadata injection

---
 .vscode/settings.json |   7 +
 pyproject.toml        |   3 +
 src/e/main.py         |  35 ++---
 src/e/settings.py     |   9 ++
 src/e/twitter.py      | 324 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 uv.lock               |  83 +++++++++++
 6 files changed, 441 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/e/settings.py
 create mode 100644 src/e/twitter.py

diff --git a/.vscode/settings.json b/.vscode/settings.json
index 4e8826a..04e2453 100644
--- a/.vscode/settings.json
+++ b/.vscode/settings.json
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 {
     "cSpell.words": [
+        "appauthor",
+        "appname",
+        "htpy",
+        "Lovinator",
+        "Nitter",
+        "Renderable",
+        "selectolax",
         "wreq"
     ]
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 770c88c..3c33dde 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -6,9 +6,12 @@ readme = "README.md"
 authors = [{ name = "Joakim Hellsén", email = "tlovinator@gmail.com" }]
 requires-python = ">=3.14"
 dependencies = [
+    "htpy>=26.5.1",
     "litestar>=2.24.0",
     "loguru>=0.7.3",
+    "platformdirs>=4.11.1",
     "pydantic>=2.13.4",
+    "selectolax>=0.4.11",
     "uvicorn>=0.52.1",
     "wreq>=0.12.1",
 ]
diff --git a/src/e/main.py b/src/e/main.py
index a6a356f..6fc882d 100644
--- a/src/e/main.py
+++ b/src/e/main.py
@@ -1,29 +1,24 @@
 import uvicorn
 from litestar import Litestar
 from litestar import get
+from litestar.response import Response
+
+from e.twitter import twitter
 
 
-@get("/")
-async def twitter() -> dict[str, str]:  # ruff: ignore[unused-async]
-    """Handle Twitter requests.
-
-    https://twitter.com/DiscussingFilm/status/2086143411984208230
-    https://e.lovinator.space/DiscussingFilm/status/2086143411984208230
-
-    If IP is from Discord:
-    Download the image/video.
-    Return custom HTML with metadata tags with the image/video.
-
-    Otherwise:
-    Redirect to the original URL.
-
-    Returns:
-        Redirect to the original URL, or custom HTML with metadata tags.
-    """
-    return {"message": "Hello, World!"}
+@get("/favicon.ico")
+async def favicon() -> Response:  # ruff: ignore[unused-async]
+    """Return empty response."""
+    return Response(
+        content=b"",
+        media_type="image/x-icon",
+        status_code=204,
+    )
 
 
-app = Litestar(route_handlers=[twitter])
+app = Litestar(route_handlers=[twitter, favicon], debug=True)
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    uvicorn.run(app)
+    import os
+
+    uvicorn.run("e.main:app", port=int(os.getenv("PORT", str(8000))), reload=True)
diff --git a/src/e/settings.py b/src/e/settings.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06bac77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/e/settings.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from platformdirs import user_data_path
+
+DATA_DIR = user_data_path(
+    appname="e.lovinator.space",
+    appauthor="TheLovinator",
+    roaming=True,
+    ensure_exists=True,
+)
+"""Directory where all the media files are stored."""
diff --git a/src/e/twitter.py b/src/e/twitter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50f01f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/e/twitter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+from ipaddress import ip_address
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import wreq
+from htpy import head
+from htpy import html
+from htpy import meta
+from litestar import Request
+from litestar import get
+from litestar.response import Redirect
+from loguru import logger
+from selectolax.parser import HTMLParser
+from selectolax.parser import Node
+from wreq import Client
+from wreq import Emulation
+
+from e.discord import DiscordIPs
+from e.discord import Prefix
+from e.discord import get_discord_ips
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from htpy._types import Renderable
+    from litestar.datastructures import Address
+
+
+STAT_FIELDS = {
+    "icon-comment": "comments",
+    "icon-retweet": "retweets",
+    "icon-heart": "likes",
+    "icon-views": "views",
+}
+
+
+def generate_html(tweet: dict) -> Renderable:
+    """Generate HTML for a tweet.
+
+    Args:
+        tweet: The tweet to generate HTML for.
+
+    Returns:
+        The HTML for the tweet.
+    """
+    # Discord supports oEmbed, Open Graph, and Twitter Card metadata formats for rendering link embeds.
+
+    meta_tags = [
+        meta(property="theme-color", content="#1d9bf0"),
+    ]
+
+    # loop through all the images and add as og:image
+    meta_tags.extend(
+        meta(
+            property="og:image",
+            content=image["thumbnail"],
+            width=image["width"],
+            height=image["height"],
+            type=image["type"],
+            secure_url=image["thumbnail"],
+            alt=tweet["text"],
+        )
+        for image in tweet["media"]
+    )
+
+    return html[
+        head[
+            meta(name="viewport", content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"),
+            *meta_tags,
+        ]
+    ]
+
+
+def save_data_to_disk(tweet: dict) -> None:
+    """Save tweet data to DATA_DIR/twitter/<username>/<tweet_id>/data.json.
+
+    Has version number so we can update the file later if data changes.
+
+    Args:
+        tweet: The tweet to save.
+
+    """
+
+
+def text(node: Node | None, default: str | None = None) -> str | None:
+    """Safely extract text from a node.
+
+    Args:
+        node: The node to extract text from.
+        default: The default value to return if the node is None.
+
+    Returns:
+        The text of the node, or the default value if the node is None.
+    """
+    return node.text(strip=True) if node else default
+
+
+def attr(node: Node | None, name: str, default: str | None = None) -> str | None:
+    """Safely extract an attribute from a node.
+
+    Args:
+        node: The node to extract the attribute from.
+        name: The name of the attribute.
+        default: The default value to return if the node is None.
+
+    Returns:
+        The attribute of the node, or the default value if the node is None.
+    """
+    return node.attributes.get(name, default) if node else default
+
+
+def parse_number(value: str) -> int | None:
+    """Convert '46,391' -> 46391.
+
+    Args:
+        value: The value to convert.
+
+    Returns:
+        The converted value.
+    """
+    if not value:
+        logger.warning("Value is empty.")
+        return None
+
+    value = value.replace(",", "").strip()
+
+    try:
+        return int(value)
+    except ValueError:
+        logger.error("Could not convert value '{}' to int.", value)
+        return None
+
+
+def parse_stats(tweet: Node) -> dict[str, int | None]:
+    """Parse the stats of a tweet.
+
+    Args:
+        tweet: The tweet to parse the stats from.
+
+    Returns:
+        The stats of the tweet.
+    """
+    stats = {}
+
+    for stat in tweet.css(".tweet-stat"):
+        icon = stat.css_first("span[class*='icon-']")
+        if not icon:
+            logger.warning("Could not find icon for stat.")
+            continue
+
+        classes = attr(icon, "class", "")
+        if not classes:
+            logger.warning("Could not find classes for icon.")
+            continue
+
+        field = next(
+            (field for icon_class, field in STAT_FIELDS.items() if icon_class in classes),
+            None,
+        )
+        if not field:
+            logger.warning("Could not find field for icon classes.")
+            continue
+
+        # The stat contains the icon plus the number.
+        # Extract the number by removing the icon element.
+        if not icon.parent:
+            logger.warning("Could not find parent for icon.")
+            continue
+
+        icon.parent.decompose()
+        value = stat.text(strip=True)
+
+        num = parse_number(value)
+        if num is None:
+            logger.warning("Could not parse number for stat.")
+            continue
+
+        stats[field] = num
+
+    return stats
+
+
+def parse_tweet(html: str) -> dict:
+    """Parse a tweet from HTML.
+
+    Args:
+        html: The HTML of the tweet.
+
+    Returns:
+        The parsed tweet.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If .tweet-body cannot be found.
+    """
+    tree = HTMLParser(html)
+
+    tweet = tree.css_first(".tweet-body")
+
+    if not tweet:
+        msg = "Could not find .tweet-body"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+
+    # Author
+    avatar = tweet.css_first(".tweet-avatar img")
+    fullname = tweet.css_first(".fullname")
+    username = tweet.css_first(".username")
+
+    # Date
+    date_link = tweet.css_first(".tweet-date a")
+    published = tweet.css_first(".tweet-published")
+
+    # Text
+    content = tweet.css_first(".tweet-content")
+
+    # Media
+    media = []
+
+    for attachment in tweet.css(".attachments .attachment"):
+        link = attachment.css_first("a")
+        image = attachment.css_first("img")
+
+        if link or image:
+            media.append({
+                "url": attr(link, "href"),
+                "thumbnail": attr(image, "src"),
+            })
+
+    return {
+        "author": {
+            "name": text(fullname),
+            "username": text(username),
+            "profile_url": attr(username, "href"),
+            "avatar": attr(avatar, "src"),
+            "verified": bool(tweet.css_first(".verified-icon")),
+        },
+        "date": {
+            "relative": text(date_link),
+            "published": text(published),
+            "title": attr(date_link, "title"),
+            "url": attr(date_link, "href"),
+        },
+        "text": text(content),
+        "media": media,
+        "stats": parse_stats(tweet),
+    }
+
+
+@get("/{username:str}/status/{tweet_id:str}")
+async def twitter(request: Request, username: str, tweet_id: str) -> dict[str, str] | Redirect:
+    """Handle Twitter requests.
+
+    https://twitter.com/DiscussingFilm/status/2086143411984208230
+    https://x.com/DiscussingFilm/status/2086143411984208230
+    https://nitter.net/DiscussingFilm/status/2086143411984208230
+
+    https://e.lovinator.space/DiscussingFilm/status/2086143411984208230
+
+    If IP is from Discord:
+        Download the image/video.
+        Return custom HTML with metadata tags with the image/video.
+
+    Otherwise:
+        Redirect to the original URL.
+
+    Args:
+        request: The request.
+        username: The Twitter handle.
+        tweet_id: The status ID of the tweet.
+
+    Returns:
+        Redirect to the original URL, or custom HTML with metadata tags.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If client address is missing.
+    """
+    logger.info(f"Request for {request.url!r} from {request.client}")
+    logger.info("Username: {}, Tweet ID: {}", username, tweet_id)
+
+    client: Address | None = request.client
+    if client is None:
+        msg = "No client address"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+
+    ips: DiscordIPs = await get_discord_ips()
+
+    # Append ["127.0.0.1"] for local testing.
+    ips.prefixes.append(Prefix(ipv4_prefix="127.0.0.1", services=["api", "media"]))
+
+    client_ip = ip_address(client.host)
+
+    for ip in ips.prefixes:
+        if client_ip in ip.ipv4_prefix:
+            logger.info("Client IP {} is in Discord IPs", client.host)
+            break
+    else:
+        logger.warning("Client IP {} is not in Discord IPs", client.host)
+        return Redirect(
+            path=f"https://twitter.com/{username}/status/{tweet_id}",
+            status_code=302,
+        )
+
+    logger.info("Client IP {} is in Discord IPs", client.host)
+
+    nitter_url = f"https://nitter.net/{username}/status/{tweet_id}"
+    logger.info("Getting tweet from Nitter: {}", nitter_url)
+
+    wreq_client = Client(emulation=Emulation.Chrome149)
+    resp: wreq.Response = await wreq_client.get(nitter_url)
+    data: str = await resp.text()
+    logger.info("Got tweet from Nitter: {}", data)
+
+    tweet = parse_tweet(data)
+
+    logger.info(tweet)
+
+    return {
+        "url": f"https://twitter.com/{username}/status/{tweet_id}",
+        "nitter_url": nitter_url,
+        "e_url": str(request.url),
+        "username": username,
+        "tweet_id": tweet_id,
+        "media": tweet["media"],
+        "author": tweet["author"],
+        "date": tweet["date"],
+        "text": tweet["text"],
+        "stats": tweet["stats"],
+    }
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index b890442..a0cccee 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -58,9 +58,12 @@ name = "e"
 version = "0.1.0"
 source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
+    { name = "htpy" },
     { name = "litestar" },
     { name = "loguru" },
+    { name = "platformdirs" },
     { name = "pydantic" },
+    { name = "selectolax" },
     { name = "uvicorn" },
     { name = "wreq" },
 ]
@@ -72,9 +75,12 @@ dev = [
 
 [package.metadata]
 requires-dist = [
+    { name = "htpy", specifier = ">=26.5.1" },
     { name = "litestar", specifier = ">=2.24.0" },
     { name = "loguru", specifier = ">=0.7.3" },
+    { name = "platformdirs", specifier = ">=4.11.1" },
     { name = "pydantic", specifier = ">=2.13.4" },
+    { name = "selectolax", specifier = ">=0.4.11" },
     { name = "uvicorn", specifier = ">=0.52.1" },
     { name = "wreq", specifier = ">=0.12.1" },
 ]
@@ -103,6 +109,18 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/04/4b/29cac41a4d98d144bf5f6d33995617b185d14b22401f75ca86f384e87ff1/h11-0.16.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:63cf8bbe7522de3bf65932fda1d9c2772064ffb3dae62d55932da54b31cb6c86", size = 37515, upload-time = "2025-04-24T03:35:24.344Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "htpy"
+version = "26.5.1"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "markupsafe" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d3/18/48b0fe5f7b23c8bb0b45b09c306f511417fee74afc49a0765178d6dcbac2/htpy-26.5.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:43a365c1fc670094da781b923883019339cec031397d61d5fe5f8e2f2278b63e", size = 292049, upload-time = "2026-05-22T08:31:31.387Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e7/68/ad12d6519ccc48852ebb1effbe5a160ff21d7b48c484d0dae6fd173f6d22/htpy-26.5.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:148566db9d720c897baa5832e2a496954ce317ab06ef49a103b44f8a15322c3b", size = 21428, upload-time = "2026-05-22T08:31:30.153Z" },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "httpcore"
 version = "1.0.9"
@@ -207,6 +225,36 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b3/81/4da04ced5a082363ecfa159c010d200ecbd959ae410c10c0264a38cac0f5/markdown_it_py-4.2.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:9f7ebbcd14fe59494226453aed97c1070d83f8d24b6fc3a3bcf9a38092641c4a", size = 91687, upload-time = "2026-05-07T12:08:27.182Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "markupsafe"
+version = "3.0.3"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7e/99/7690b6d4034fffd95959cbe0c02de8deb3098cc577c67bb6a24fe5d7caa7/markupsafe-3.0.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:722695808f4b6457b320fdc131280796bdceb04ab50fe1795cd540799ebe1698", size = 80313, upload-time = "2025-09-27T18:37:40.426Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/33/8a/8e42d4838cd89b7dde187011e97fe6c3af66d8c044997d2183fbd6d31352/markupsafe-3.0.3-cp314-cp314-macosx_10_13_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:eaa9599de571d72e2daf60164784109f19978b327a3910d3e9de8c97b5b70cfe", size = 11619, upload-time = "2025-09-27T18:37:06.342Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b5/64/7660f8a4a8e53c924d0fa05dc3a55c9cee10bbd82b11c5afb27d44b096ce/markupsafe-3.0.3-cp314-cp314-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:c47a551199eb8eb2121d4f0f15ae0f923d31350ab9280078d1e5f12b249e0026", size = 12029, upload-time = "2025-09-27T18:37:07.213Z" },
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